Carbon steel is an iron carbon alloy with a carbon content of 0.0218%~2.11%, also known as carbon steel. It generally also contains small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus. The higher the carbon content in carbon steel, the greater the hardness and strength, but the lower the plasticity.
Carbon steel can be divided into three categories based on its usage: carbon structural steel, carbon tool steel, and free cutting structural steel. According to the carbon content, carbon steel can be divided into low-carbon steel（ ω C ≤ 0.25%, medium carbon steel（ ω C=0.25% -0.6%) and high carbon steel（ ω c> 0.6%). In addition, based on the phosphorus and sulfur content, carbon steel can be divided into ordinary carbon steel (with higher phosphorus and sulfur content), high-quality carbon steel (with lower phosphorus and sulfur content), and high-grade high-quality steel (with lower phosphorus and sulfur content).
Carbon steel is usually used on metal parts that require strength, hardness, and wear resistance, such as cutting tools, steel cables, piano wires, springs, and cutting tools. After processing, the parts usually need to be further processed and tempered. In addition, according to the smelting method, carbon steel can be divided into open furnace steel and converter steel.
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